Pediatrics in review

This review discusses common disorders of water metabolism, emphasizing the neurologic sequelae.Hyponatremia is defined as a serum sodium level less than 135 mEq/L (135 mmol/L). It is one of the most common electrolyte disorders encountered in hospitals, occurring in approximately 3% of hospitalized children.

Child Health and the US Pediatric Subspecialty Workforce: Planning for the Future. Child Health Needs and the Pediatric Endocrinology Workforce: 2020–2040. Child Health Needs and the Developmental–Behavioral Pediatrics Workforce Supply: 2020–2040. Pediatrics in Review® (ISSN 0191-9601) is owned and controlled by the American Academy of Pediatrics. It is published monthly by the American Academy of Pediatrics, …Pediatrics in Review is the most trusted pediatrics review for healthcare professionals. The AAP journal that guides residents through training also guides practicing clinicians on the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic management of diseases and delivery of pediatric outpatient or inpatient care.Feb 1, 2023 · Pediatr Rev (2023) 44 (2): 58–67. Cognitive development in children begins with brain development. Early life exposures may both positively and negatively influence cognitive development in children. Infants, toddlers, and children learn best in secure, nurturing environments and when attachment to a consistent caregiver is present. Dec 1, 2022 · Care of the Well Newborn. Pediatr Rev (2022) 43 (12): 676–690. Care of the newborn infant is a critical skill for general pediatricians and other providers in the practice of pediatric medicine. Optimal care relies on a thorough understanding of risk factors that may be present during the pregnancy and delivery, as well as the ability to ...

Obesity in Children. Pediatr Rev (2022) 43 (11): 601–617. Child obesity is widely prevalent, and general pediatricians play an important role in identifying and caring for patients with obesity. Appropriate evaluation and treatment require an understanding of the complex etiology of child obesity, its intergenerational transmission, and its ...Using materials supplied by the American Board of Pediatrics to define its core content, Pediatrics in Review will prepare readers for the cognitive examination that is a component of the Board’s Maintenance of Certification program. The editor of Pediatrics in Review is Joseph A. Zenel, MD. The deputy editor is Hugh D. Allen, MD.Assessment of efficacy and safety of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in children aged 5 to 11 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177 …Apr 1, 2020 · headache, migraine disorders, acute migraine, drugs used for the treatment of. Headache is a common complaint in children and adolescents. Although an efficient, organized, and methodical approach to the patient’s history and physical examination is essential, many practitioners are not familiar with a best practices approach to headache. This month Pediatrics in Review takes a focused look at the dermatological features of the newborn, infant, and child, taking advantage of the many author-submitted patient photographs that parents graciously consented for us to use. This is a unique issue of Pediatrics in Review; space normally filled with …After completing this article, readers should be able to:Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) occurs when there is a relative or absolute decrease in circulating insulin levels in relation to an increase in counterregulatory hormone levels. In response to this imbalance, normal physiologic mechanisms are …

Objectives After completing this article, readers should be able to: Parenteral fluid therapy is a basic component of the care of hospitalized infants and children. Clinicians who care for inpatients must be able to assess the need for parenteral fluid therapy and to specify the composition of fluid and rate of …Ankle injuries are common among school-age children, accounting for approximately one-quarter of all pediatric sports-related injuries and ranging from benign sprains to complex fractures involving the physis (growth plate). In fact, ankle fractures are the third most common physeal fracture in children. The distal tibial and fibular physes …Infective endocarditis (IE) is an infection of the inner lining of the heart muscle called the endocardium; it can involve the heart valves, chambers, or septa. Although it remains an uncommon childhood condition, with an incidence of approximately 0.3 to 3.0 per 100,000, it is imperative for pediatricians to be able to promptly recognize its features and …Pediatrics in Review is the most trusted pediatrics review for healthcare professionals. The AAP journal that guides residents through training also guides practicing clinicians on the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic management of diseases and delivery of …Pediatric Trigger Digits. Pediatr Rev (2022) 43 (4): 191–197. Pediatric trigger thumb (PTT) and finger (PTF) are upper extremity deformities that frequently go unrecognized by providers. Early recognition by pediatricians and caregivers is vital because PTT is successfully treated nonoperatively in more than 95% of patients if diagnosed early.PREP The Curriculum is a comprehensive general pediatrics review package written by experts and trusted by thousands of pediatricians for over 40 years. This package brings …

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Pediatrics in Review is the most trusted pediatrics review for healthcare professionals. The AAP journal that guides residents through training also guides practicing clinicians on the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic management of diseases and delivery of pediatric outpatient or inpatient care. “Pediatrics in Review is an excellent method of reviewing and updating your knowledge of core issues in pediatrics.” Pediatrics in Review (PIR) helps keep me up to date and informed. It’s my go-to source to succinctly answer general clinical questions. Pediatrics in Review® (ISSN 0191-9601) is owned and controlled by the American Academy of Pediatrics. It is published monthly by the American Academy of Pediatrics, …Pediatrics in Review is the most trusted pediatrics review for healthcare professionals. The AAP journal that guides residents through training also guides practicing clinicians on the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic management of diseases and delivery of pediatric outpatient or inpatient care.After completing this article, readers should be able to: In 1918, Bacon and Saunders described state-of-the-art therapy options for acute otitis media (AOM). In the preantibiotic era, supportive care and “hot water instilled into the ear” were the therapies most available to families, and as far as children were …

This article covers common topics about infant nutrition, including normal infant growth, use of breast milk, discussion of formula options, and introduction of complementary foods. Our recommendations are based on current guidelines and research. During infancy, children are expected to double their birth weight by 5 to 6 months of age.Despite national recommendations, screening for adolescent depression is generally uncommon and is typically characterized by regional and racial/ethnic disparities. This variability in practice may leave some adolescents disproportionately vulnerable to untreated depression. Further education about depression in …After completing this article, readers should be able to: PH occurs when a disease elevates pulmonary arterial pressure above normal. Pulmonary artery pressure=left atrial pressure +(pulmonary flow ×pulmonary vascular resistance). Any single factor or combination of factors that increases left atrial pressure, …Assessment of efficacy and safety of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in children aged 5 to 11 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177 …After completing this article, readers should be able to: PH occurs when a disease elevates pulmonary arterial pressure above normal. Pulmonary artery pressure=left atrial pressure +(pulmonary flow ×pulmonary vascular resistance). Any single factor or combination of factors that increases left atrial pressure, …Pediatrics In Review Editorial Board. Editor-in-Chief Joseph A. Zenel, Bend, OR Deputy Editor Hugh D. Allen, Houston, TX Associate Editor, Index of Suspicion Lynn Garfunkel, …Objectives After completing this article, readers should be able to: Development and maturation of the reproductive system begins in fetal life and is a surprisingly active process throughout the first postnatal months. The reproductive system becomes quiescent during childhood until its reactivation triggers pubertal development. …Ankle injuries are common among school-age children, accounting for approximately one-quarter of all pediatric sports-related injuries and ranging from benign sprains to complex fractures involving the physis (growth plate). In fact, ankle fractures are the third most common physeal fracture in children. The distal tibial and fibular physes …

Pediatrics in Review is the most trusted pediatrics review for healthcare professionals. The AAP journal that guides residents through training also guides practicing clinicians on the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic management of diseases and delivery of pediatric outpatient or inpatient care.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), acute diarrhea among children in the United States accounts for more than 1.5 million outpatient visits, 200,000 hospitalizations, and approximately 300 deaths per year. In developing countries, diarrhea is a common cause of mortality among children younger than age 5 …Pediatrics is an official peer-reviewed journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). It has been continuously published by the AAP since January 1948. Pediatrics …Pediatrics in Review is the most trusted pediatrics review for healthcare professionals. The AAP journal that guides residents through training also guides practicing clinicians on the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic management of diseases and delivery of pediatric outpatient or inpatient care.Pediatrics in Review is the most trusted pediatrics review for healthcare professionals. The AAP journal that guides residents through training also guides practicing clinicians on the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic management of diseases and delivery of …In pediatric primary care, the misconception that emergencies rarely occur can lead to a barrier in effectively preparing for and responding to life-threatening situations. Often, practices may not be in close proximity to a hospital, (1) and providers may not feel adequately prepared with pediatric emergency skills. …Pediatrics in Review is the most trusted pediatrics review for healthcare professionals. The AAP journal that guides residents through training also guides practicing clinicians on the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic management of diseases and delivery of …After completing this article, readers should be able to: Developmental dyslexia is characterized by an unexpected difficulty in reading in children and adults who otherwise possess the intelligence and motivation considered necessary for accurate and fluent reading. Historically, dyslexia initially was noted in adults in …

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Pediatrics in Review, Itasca, Illinois. 21,796 likes · 5 talking about this · 6 were here. Pediatrics in Review is a highly acclaimed monthly continuing medical education (CME) …Pediatr Rev (2020) 41 (8): 379–392. Constipation in otherwise healthy infants and children is a common problem despite confusion about how to precisely define constipation and constipation-related disorders. Constipation may, rarely, be a sign or symptom of a more serious disease or a diagnosis defined only by its symptoms and without any ...Pediatr Rev (2018) 39 (9): 433–443. Cervical lymphadenopathy affects as many as 90% of children aged 4 to 8 years. With so many children presenting to doctors' offices and emergency departments, a systematic approach to diagnosis and evaluation must be considered. In the following review, we aim to provide the pediatric clinician with a ...Despite national recommendations, screening for adolescent depression is generally uncommon and is typically characterized by regional and racial/ethnic disparities. This variability in practice may leave some adolescents disproportionately vulnerable to untreated depression. Further education about depression in …Jaundice is a common clinical sign in newborns, especially during the first 2 weeks after birth. The first description of neonatal jaundice and bilirubin staining of the newborn brain goes back to the eighteenth century. The finding of jaundice on physical examination is an indicator of hyperbilirubinemia. This differs …Jul 1, 2019 · After the publication of my review on pediatric hypertension, the American Academy of Pediatrics' Subcommittee on Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children issued new Clinical Practice Guidelines for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. (1)(2) These guidelines represent an update to the Fourth Report on the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and ... Pediatr Rev (2022) 43 (2): 87–99. Nephrotic syndrome (NS) encompasses a variety of disease processes leading to heavy proteinuria and edema. Minimal change disease (MCD) remains the most common primary cause of NS, as well as the most responsive to pharmacologic treatment with often minimal to no chronic kidney disease.Streptococcus pneumoniae continues to be the most common cause of vaccine-preventable death in children worldwide. Pneumococcal infections were responsible for an estimated 318,000 deaths (uncertainty range [UR], 207,000–395,000) among children younger than 5 years globally in 2015. (1) Pneumococcal pneumonia deaths accounted for 81% of the ...Influenza is among the most common infectious causes of pediatric emergency department visits and hospitalizations. Clinicians should use evidence-based guidelines to learn how to identify, manage, prevent, and treat influenza cases. Disease caused by influenza virus can be mitigated with appropriate treatment and prevention efforts.After completing this article, … ….

Key Points. Question Did depression and anxiety symptoms increase in cohorts of children and adolescents monitored before and during the COVID-19 pandemic?. Findings This …By working in partnership with families, health-care professionals can help improve asthma outcomes and family functioning. This article reviews the management of asthma. Recommendations discussed in this article are based on the 2007 Expert Panel Report 3: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma (“2007 Guidelines”).Clinicians must be adept at discerning and managing newborn skin findings.After completing this article, readers should be able to: Describe physiologic and benign newborn skin findings, newborn pigmented lesions, and developmental abnormalities seen in the newborn period.Describe benign pustular dermatoses, …May 1, 2018 · Incorporating vision screening and a basic eye examination in the primary care setting can be challenging. Determining which screening examination to perform and when to refer a patient to a pediatric eye care provider is critical.After completing this article, readers should be able to:Understand the importance of vision screening and know what conditions can be detected by periodic eye ... May 1, 2002 · In the March and April issues of Pediatrics in Review, we published a two-part article on managing anemia in a pediatric office practice. This article expands on the various tests for iron deficiency, including some relatively new ones. These articles should be read as complementary.—RJH. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional ... Jul 1, 2023 · Every clinician can learn to identify possible diagnoses before consulting a specialist. This review provides a step-by-step approach for CBC interpretation with tools to help the clinician diagnose and interpret the most common blood disorders seen in the general pediatric clinic or inpatient setting. In this article, we review the basic microbiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, treatment, and prevention of meningococcal disease. N meningitidis is an aerobic, nonmotile Gram-negative diplococcus bacterium. It is considered a fastidious organism, with specific temperature and carbon dioxide requirements, and grows best on …This symptom accounts for 2% to 4% of office visits to primary care clinicians and 50% of office visits to pediatric gastroenterologists. (1) (2) Chronic abdominal pain is defined by the American Academy of Pediatrics’ 2005 clinical report as “long-lasting intermittent or constant abdominal pain that is functional or organic.”.Search for articles, guidelines, publications, and more on a wide range of topics related to child health and pediatrics. Access the extensive database of AAP's resources to stay … Pediatrics in review, [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1]